What do pests require to survive in food and housing environments?

Pests, such as rodents and insects, thrive in environments that provide them with essential resources for survival. Moisture, food, and harborage are critical components that create an inviting habitat for these pests.

Moisture is vital as it helps pests to maintain hydration and is often necessary for their reproductive processes. Food sources are obvious; pests need nutrients to live and reproduce, and they are attracted to various organic materials in food storage areas and waste. Harborage refers to shelter or nesting sites, which protect pests from predators and the environment while they reproduce and grow.

In contrast, the other options do not adequately cover the basic survival needs of pests. While accessibility to sunlight can affect certain pests, it is not a necessary factor for survival in food and housing environments. Constant movement is not a requirement; many pests prefer to stay in areas where they can find food and moisture without needing to move around much. Fresh air, although beneficial, is not a critical requirement since many pests thrive in confined spaces with minimal airflow.

Thus, the necessity for moisture, food, and harborage illustrates the key factors that enable pests to establish and maintain themselves in living and storage spaces.